Conditions & Concerns / Hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation

Areas of excess melanin deposition. Includes post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, sunspots, and melasma.

Understanding evidence levels
In VitroCell or tissue culture experiments — no human or animal data.
Ex VivoSkin model or tissue experiments — not in living humans.
Animal StudyResults in animals only — may or may not translate to humans.
Small Human StudySmall or uncontrolled human study — preliminary results.
Controlled TrialControlled human study (often randomized) — stronger evidence.
Systematic ReviewSummary and analysis of existing published studies.
Meta-AnalysisStatistical pooling of results from multiple studies.
GuidelineProfessional guidance or consensus statement from a dermatology society.

Research findings(555)

Notable findingA finding from a controlled trial, systematic review, or meta-analysis with noteworthy results.Systematic ReviewSummary and analysis of existing published studies.Published: May 26, 2026

Minimizing Postoperative Dyschromia in Darker Skin Tones

Researchers reviewed existing literature on postoperative dyschromia in people with darker skin tones (Fitzpatrick skin types IV to VI). They found that certain factors, such as skin lightening agents and surgical techniques, may contribute to postoperative dyschromia. Opting for direct closure and non-inflammatory suture selection may help minimize this issue.

Why it matters: Understanding how to minimize postoperative dyschromia in darker skin tones may help improve surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction.

This review is based on existing literature from 2014 to 2025, and further research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of certain treatments, such as microdermal grafting for hypopigmented scars.

PubMed
Small Human StudySmall or uncontrolled human study. Results are preliminary.Published: May 25, 2026

Nanotechnology may help improve skin disorders

Researchers studied how nanocarrier systems can deliver therapeutic agents to the skin to treat chronic inflammatory skin disorders like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. They found that these systems may improve skin barrier function, reduce inflammation, and enhance cosmetic outcomes. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Why it matters: This research may help improve our understanding of how to treat chronic inflammatory skin disorders and improve skin health.

A small study suggests that nanocarrier systems may be effective, but more large-scale clinical validation is needed. The study's findings are based on a review of existing research, and the review does not include the authors' original data. The review also mentions challenges related to long-term safety and regulatory complexity.

PubMed
Small Human StudySmall or uncontrolled human study. Results are preliminary.Published: May 21, 2026

Topical Imiquimod May Help Treat Lentigo Maligna in Elderly Patients

Researchers studied the use of topical imiquimod cream to treat lentigo maligna, a type of skin cancer, in a 93-year-old woman. The cream was applied for 12 weeks and resulted in marked clinical improvement and near-complete resolution of pigmentation. The patient's skin cancer was confirmed to be completely cleared after treatment.

Why it matters: This study may help skincare professionals understand alternative treatment options for elderly patients with lentigo maligna.

This study involved a single case and a small sample size, so its findings may not be generalizable to other patients.

PubMed
Ex VivoSkin model or tissue experiments. Not in living humans.Published: May 8, 2026

IPL Therapy's Effects on Melanin-Rich Cells Studied in Lab

Researchers studied how intense pulsed light (IPL) affects cells rich in melanin in a lab setting. They found that higher doses of IPL can increase cellular temperature, induce cell death, and trigger inflammation. This may help us understand how IPL works, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Why it matters: This study may help us better understand how IPL therapy works and its potential effects on the skin, which could lead to improved treatments for skin conditions.

This study was conducted in a lab setting using tissue constructs, not human subjects, and involved extreme treatment regimens that may not be representative of typical IPL therapy.

PubMed
Notable findingA finding from a controlled trial, systematic review, or meta-analysis with noteworthy results.Controlled TrialControlled human study, often randomized. Stronger evidence.Published: May 1, 2026

Aminolevulinic Acid Therapy May Help Treat Facial Skin Cancer

Researchers studied a treatment called aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for facial squamous cell carcinoma in situ, a type of skin cancer. They found that 32 patients who received this treatment had complete clearance of the cancer cells. The treatment had minimal side effects, such as mild skin reactions and temporary hyperpigmentation.

Why it matters: This study may help skincare understanding by providing a potential non-invasive treatment option for early-stage skin cancer.

This study had a small sample size of 32 patients and a short duration of 8 weeks.

PubMed
Notable findingA finding from a controlled trial, systematic review, or meta-analysis with noteworthy results.Controlled TrialControlled human study, often randomized. Stronger evidence.Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid)Published: May 1, 2026

Vitamin C Serum May Help Reduce Skin Aging and Pigmentation

A small study suggests that applying a 10% vitamin C serum to the skin for 12 weeks may help reduce signs of aging and improve skin color. Researchers found that the serum may help reduce skin glycation, carbonylation, and inflammation, and improve antioxidant capacity. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Why it matters: Understanding the potential benefits of vitamin C serum for skin health may help individuals make informed decisions about their skincare routines.

A small sample size of 66 healthy Chinese females was used, and the study duration was 12 weeks.

PubMed
Notable findingA finding from a controlled trial, systematic review, or meta-analysis with noteworthy results.Controlled TrialControlled human study, often randomized. Stronger evidence.Published: May 1, 2026

Topical Metformin May Help Reduce Melasma Hyperpigmentation

A small study compared the effectiveness of topical metformin and Kligman's formula in treating melasma, a skin condition characterized by dark patches on the face. Researchers found that both treatments reduced hyperpigmentation, but Kligman's formula showed slightly better results. The study suggests that topical metformin could be a safer alternative for some patients.

Why it matters: This study may help skincare professionals understand new treatment options for melasma, a common skin condition.

This study had a small sample size of 57 participants and was conducted over 12 weeks. The study design was non-randomized, and the sample size was not specified as being representative of the general population.

PubMed
Notable findingA finding from a controlled trial, systematic review, or meta-analysis with noteworthy results.Controlled TrialControlled human study, often randomized. Stronger evidence.Published: May 1, 2026

Betulin-Loaded Cream May Help Reduce UV and Heat-Induced Skin Aging

Researchers developed a cream that combines betulin with a self-assembling nanocarrier to improve its delivery and effectiveness. In lab experiments and a small clinical trial, this cream showed promise in reducing signs of skin aging caused by UV and heat exposure. The study found improvements in skin elasticity, brightness, and pigmentation, as well as reduced water loss and heat-aging markers.

Why it matters: This research may help improve our understanding of how to prevent and treat skin aging caused by UV and heat exposure.

A small pilot study with 12 participants, short duration of 2 weeks, and limited generalizability to the broader population.

PubMed
Notable findingA finding from a controlled trial, systematic review, or meta-analysis with noteworthy results.Controlled TrialControlled human study, often randomized. Stronger evidence.RetinolPublished: May 1, 2026

Experts Agree on Skincare Ingredients to Use Before and After Aesthetic Procedures

Researchers studied which skincare ingredients are safe and effective to use before and after medical aesthetic procedures. They found that ceramides, hyaluronic acid, and vitamin C are good choices across different procedures and time points. However, some ingredients, like retinoids and acids, may cause irritation and should be avoided during the healing phase.

Why it matters: This study may help people make informed decisions about their skincare routine when undergoing medical aesthetic procedures.

The study was a Delphi study with expert opinions, and the findings are based on a simplified evaluation of 44 active ingredients. The study did not involve actual human subjects or controlled trials.

PubMed
Small Human StudySmall or uncontrolled human study. Results are preliminary.Published: May 1, 2026

Fractional CO Laser for Facial Rejuvenation: Safety and Efficacy in Different Skin Types

A small study looked at the safety and effectiveness of a fractional CO laser for facial rejuvenation in people with different skin types. Researchers found that the laser caused some short-term side effects, but no serious complications. The study suggests that this laser may be safe for people with skin types I-IV.

Why it matters: This study may help skincare professionals understand the safety and effectiveness of fractional CO lasers for facial rejuvenation in different skin types.

This study had a small sample size of 38 patients and only looked at skin types I-IV, so its findings may not be generalizable to other skin types.

PubMed
Animal StudyResults in animals only. May or may not translate to humans.Published: April 27, 2026

Researchers studied a new skin treatment for UVB-induced pigmentation

A new skin treatment was studied for its ability to reduce pigmentation caused by UVB radiation. The treatment, made from a combination of tranexamic acid, metformin, and palmitoyl epigallocatechin gallate, was tested in lab experiments and found to enhance skin penetration and reduce melanin synthesis. The results suggest that this treatment may be effective in reducing UVB-induced skin pigmentation, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Why it matters: This study may help improve our understanding of how to treat UVB-induced skin pigmentation without invasive procedures.

This study was conducted in lab experiments and animal studies, and its results may not translate directly to human skin. Further research is needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of this treatment in humans.

PubMed
Notable findingA finding from a controlled trial, systematic review, or meta-analysis with noteworthy results.Controlled TrialControlled human study, often randomized. Stronger evidence.Published: April 24, 2026

Red and near-infrared light may help improve scar appearance

Researchers studied whether red and near-infrared light can help improve the appearance of burn, hypertrophic, and post-surgical scars. They found that in some cases, this type of light may help reduce the appearance of scars, but more research is needed to confirm these findings. The effects of this treatment were generally well-tolerated, with some minor side effects.

Why it matters: Understanding how to improve scar appearance could be important for people who experience scarring from injuries or surgery.

Seven small studies with a total of 297 participants were included in this review, and the results suggest that red and near-infrared light may be a safe and non-invasive adjunct to standard scar management, but larger controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings and define optimal treatment parameters.

PubMed